RPC vs REST vs GraphQL APIs

Choosing the right API architecture for your blockchain application

API Architecture Comparison

Feature JSON-RPC REST API GraphQL
Data Fetching Request-Response Endpoint-based Query exactly what you need
Over-fetching ⚠️ Sometimes ⚠️ Often ✅ Never
Learning Curve ✅ Low ✅ Low ⚠️ Medium
Caching ⚠️ Complex ✅ Easy ✅ Normalized
Real-time ⚠️ Requires polling ⚠️ Webhooks ✅ Subscriptions
📡

JSON-RPC

Native blockchain protocol used by Ethereum, Bitcoin, and most L2s.

  • ✅ Universal standard
  • ✅ Low latency
  • ✅ Direct chain access
  • ⚠️ Limited query flexibility
🔌

REST API

Traditional web API pattern used by exchanges and data providers.

  • ✅ Widely supported
  • ✅ Easy to cache
  • ✅ Good documentation
  • ⚠️ Over-fetching issues
📊

GraphQL

Modern query language ideal for complex data relationships.

  • ✅ Exact data fetching
  • ✅ Strong typing
  • ✅ Subscriptions
  • ⚠️ More complex setup

When to Use Each

Use JSON-RPC When:

  • • Building directly on Ethereum or EVM chains
  • • Need maximum performance and minimal overhead
  • • Using wallet connection libraries (ethers.js, web3.js)

Use REST API When:

  • • Fetching exchange data or price feeds
  • • Building simple integrations
  • • Need straightforward caching with CDNs

Use GraphQL When:

  • • Building NFT marketplaces with complex queries
  • • Need to fetch related data in single request
  • • Using The Graph or subgraphs

Get Started with the Right API

Choose the architecture that best fits your use case and start building.